GNFAC Avalanche Forecast for Fri Apr 26, 2019

Not the Current Forecast

Good Morning. This is Alex Marienthal with spring weather and snowpack information on Friday, April 26th at 7:00 a.m. The Gallatin National Forest Avalanche Center has stopped issuing daily avalanche forecasts for the season. We will issue our last weather and snowpack bulletin next Monday. This bulletin does not apply to operating ski areas.

Mountain Weather

Temperatures the past two nights were below or near freezing, 20s to mid-30s F, under mostly clear skies. Since Monday the mountains got a few scattered showers and a couple inches of snow. This morning wind is west-southwest at 10-20 mph, and this weekend wind will be westerly at 15-25 mph. Today temperatures will reach 40s F, and tonight cool to 20s F.

Through the weekend temperatures will cool with daytime highs in the 20s to 30s F and overnight lows in the teens F by Sunday. A front this morning will bring heavy precipitation to start a period of cool and wet weather. Scattered showers are expected through the weekend with rain late Saturday turning to snow at lower elevations on Sunday. By tomorrow morning 3-5” of new snow is possible above 8,000’, and by Monday an additional 5-10” is possible.

Snowpack and Avalanche Discussion

All Regions

This weekend avalanches will be mostly confined to new snow that falls. These could be wet or dry loose slides, or slabs of new and wind-drifted snow. The snowpack is mostly frozen and stable this morning due to a light freeze under clear skies last night. Today before new snow falls, shallow wet slides are possible if rain or warm temperatures melt the snow surface.

The safest travel is on slopes with a supportable, dry or frozen surface. Anticipate dry new snow stability to decrease with wind, sun or above freezing temperatures. Be cautious of steep slopes if new snow is cracking, blowing and drifting, becoming moist or wet, or avalanching naturally. Be aware of deeper wet slides if the snowpack doesn’t freeze overnight, or if there is heavy rain. If you sink to your boot top in wet snow this is a sign deeper wet slides are possible.

Spring weather can quickly change between rain, snow, sun and temperatures above and below freezing. Snow stability can change rapidly from day to day and hour to hour. Now is just as important as ever to be diligent with snowpack assessment and choose terrain carefully (video). See below for more spring snowpack and travel advice.

If you get out and have any avalanche or snowpack observations to share, contact us via our website, email (mtavalanche@gmail.com), phone (406-587-6984), or Instagram (#gnfacobs).

GENERAL SPRING SNOWPACK AND TRAVEL ADVICE

Spring weather can be highly variable and create a mix of avalanche problems to watch out for. Snow conditions and stability can change drastically from day to day or hour to hour. Anticipate rapid change and plan accordingly. Abundant snowfall over the winter with more spring snow to come makes avalanches possible into summer.

NEW SNOW AND WIND LOADED SLOPES

Spring storms are notorious for depositing heavy amounts of snow in the mountains. Even with a deep and generally stable snowpack throughout the advisory area, heavy and rapid loads of new snow will decrease stability. The main problems to look out for are avalanches breaking within the new snow, wind slabs, and loose snow avalanches. The likelihood of triggering an avalanche spikes during and immediately after snowstorms. New snow instabilities tend to stabilize quickly, but it’s a good idea to give new snow a day to adjust before hitting big terrain. New snow instabilities can be difficult to assess, and spring storms bond to old snow differently across aspects and elevations. Conservative terrain selection is essential during and immediately following storms. Wind loaded slopes and slopes steeper than 35 degrees should be avoided for 24-48 hours after new snow and wind.

New snow can quickly change from dry to wet on a spring day, and stability can decrease rapidly with above freezing temperatures or brief sunshine. New snow may bond well early in the morning, and then easily slide later. Wet loose slides are likely during the first above freezing temperatures or sunshine immediately after a storm. Anticipate changes in snow stability as you change aspect or elevation, and over the course of the day. An early start is always an advantage. Be ready to change plans or move to safer terrain at the first signs of decreasing stability.

WET SNOW AVALANCHES

Spring and wet snow avalanches go hand-in-hand. Above freezing temperatures, rain, and/or intense sunshine cause the snow to become wet and weak, and make wet avalanches easy to trigger or release naturally. Conditions tend to become most unstable when temperatures stay above freezing for multiple days and nights in a row. Avoid steep terrain, and be aware of potential for natural wet avalanches in steep terrain above you, if you see:

  • Heavy rain,
  • Above freezing temperatures for more than 24 hours,
  • Natural wet avalanches,
  • Roller balls or pin wheels indicating a moist or wet snow surface,
  • Or if you sink to your boot top in wet snow.

In general, if the snow surface freezes solid overnight, the snowpack will be stable in the morning and stability will decrease through the day as snow warms up. The snow surface hardness, rate of warming, duration of sunshine, aspect and elevation determine how fast stability will decrease through the day. Be aware that sunny aspects may have a wet snow avalanche danger while shadier slopes still have a dry snow avalanche danger. Getting off of steep slopes should be considered when, or before, the above signs of instability are present. Wet snow avalanches, whether loose snow or slabs, can be powerful, destructive and very dangerous. Conservative terrain choices, starting early in the day, and careful observations can keep you safe. See Alex’s recent video, and this article for more spring travel advice.

CORNICES

Cornices along ridgelines are massive and can break under the weight of a person (photo). Prolonged above freezing temperatures and rain make them weaker and possible to break naturally. They can break off suddenly and farther back than one might expect. Cornice falls can also entrain large amounts of loose snow or trigger slab avalanches. Stay far back from the edge of ridgelines and minimize exposure to slopes directly below cornices. Regardless of whether a cornice triggers a slide or not, a falling cornice is dangerous to anyone in its path.

DISCLAIMER

It does not matter if new snow falls or not, avalanches will continue to occur until the existing snowpack is mostly gone. Always assess the slope you plan to ride with diligence and safety in mind. Do not let your guard down. Travel with a partner, carry rescue gear and only expose one person at a time in avalanche terrain.

Have a safe and enjoyable spring and summer!

Doug, Eric, Alex, and Ian

GIVE BIG GALLATIN VALLEY

May 2-3 from 6pm-6pm. Give Big Gallatin Valley is a 24-hour online and live celebration of giving created to connect generous community members with the causes they care about most. Here is the link for more info and to support the Friends of the Avalanche Center during this event. Presented by the Yellowstone Club Community Foundation, and powered by the Bozeman Area Community Foundation.

SHARE YOUR AVALANCHE OBSERVATIONS

We will update our weather and avalanche log daily through April. It is a valuable resource for backcountry travelers through winter and spring. If you have any avalanche observations, please share them with us to include in this database. Contact us via our website, email (mtavalanche@gmail.com), phone (406-587-6984), or Instagram (#gnfacobs).

INFO AND ANNOUNCEMENTS

Bridger Bowl is closed for the season. Backcountry conditions exist and there is no avalanche hazard reduction or ski patrol services.

The Hyalite road is closed to motorized travel until May 16th. Bike and foot traffic is allowed.

We will issue weather and snowpack updates on Monday and Friday mornings for most of April, and update our weather log daily.

The Last Word

For more spring travel advice see this article from our GNFAC forecaster blog.